Abstract: As urban areas continue to face increasing threats from climate change, green infrastructure (GI) has emerged as a key strategy to enhance urban resilience and support climate adaptation. This study explores how green infrastructure contributes to the adaptive capacity of cities by mitigating urban heat, managing stormwater, and improving ecosystem services. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research investigates GI implementation in three cities Rotterdam (Netherlands), Singapore, and Toronto (Canada)selected for their varying climate adaptation strategies. Data were gathered through policy document analysis, expert interviews, and field observations. Thematic analysis using NVivo revealed that effective GI deployment is influenced by governance frameworks, public engagement, and long-term planning. Despite positive outcomes, challenges remain in mainstreaming GI due to funding limitations, institutional silos, and land-use pressures. The study concludes that integrating GI into urban policy and planning is essential for building climate-resilient cities.
Keywords: Green Infrastructure; Urban Resilience; Climate Adaptation; Sustainable Cities; Nature-based Solutions.